Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between 1,200 °C (2,192 °F) and 1,400 °C (2,552 °F). The toughness, strength, and translucence of porcelain arise mainly from the formation of glass and the mineral mullite within the fired body at these high temperatures.
Porcelain derives its present name from old Italian porcellana (cowrie shell) because of its resemblance to the translucent surface of the shell.[1] Porcelain can informally be referred to as "china" or "fine china" in some English-speaking countries, as China was the birthplace of porcelain making.[2] Properties associated with porcelain include low permeability and elasticity; considerable strength, hardness, toughness, whiteness, translucency and resonance; and a high resistance to chemical attack and thermal shock.
For the purposes of trade, the Combined Nomenclature of the European Communities defines porcelain as being "completely vitrified, hard, impermeable (even before glazing), white or artificially coloured, translucent (except when of considerable thickness), and resonant." However, the term porcelain lacks a universal definition and has "been applied in a very unsystematic fashion to substances of diverse kinds which have only certain surface-qualities in common" (Burton 1906).
My dear friend:
Spend only 788 USD, you will possess 492 China stamps and 320 China telephone cards. And the post fee is free! They are very cheap. But they are very beautiful and valuable! Every stamp or telephone card is authentic! You will see 'Along the river during the Qingming Festival', which is considered to be the most renowned work among all Chinese paintings. You will see 'The Night Revels of Han Xizai', which is one of top traditional Chinese paintings. You will see the paintings by the best artists such as Qibaishi, Zhangdaqian, Pantianshou, Fubaoshi, Likeran, Badashanren, Shitao, Huangbinhong, Zhengbanqiao, Yunshouping, Zhaozhiqian, and so on. You will see Dunhuang murals, which are called the biggest museum of fine arts in the world. You will see the silk road and the grand canal. You will see the forbidden city and the summer palace. You will see Huanglong and Shangri-La. You will see Chinese ritual bronzes and the terracotta army.You will see Jingdezhen ware, Jun ware and Longquan celadon. You will see chicken blood stone carving, qingtian stone carving and shoushan stone carving. If you want to know the culture of China, if you want to know the history of China, don't be hesitated to contact me.
My facebook:Dazhi Xiao.
My Gmail:treasureschina@Gmail.
List
stamps:
1.paintings:Pantianshou,Likeran,Huangbinghong,Badashanren,Zhenbanqiao,Shitao,Fubaoshi,hexiangning，dunhuang murals，night revels of hanxizai，beautiful painting，along river during qingming festival，nymph of luo river，yongle temple murals，emperor taizong and an ambassador of Tibet ，new year picture，mayuan，huang yongyu and lotus，ni zan，87 deities descending from heaven
2.crafts:chicken blood stone carving,qingtian stone carving,shoushan stone carving，lacquerware，kite，paper lantern，longquan celadon，celadon，jun ware，four treasures of study，chinese furniture
3.Scenic Area：mount hua，mount heng（hunan），mount heng（shanxi），mount song，li river，sanjiangyuan national nature reserve，shangri-la
4.Animal：birds，giant panda，panda
5.Culture heritage：silk road，the fortifictions of xian，maijishan grottoes，chinese tea culture，kizil caves，grand canal
6.World heritage：longmen grottoes，mountain resort in chengde，terracotta army，west lake，forbidden city，the temple of heaven，mount wutai，old town of lijiang，dazu rock carvings，leshan giant buddha，yungang grottoes，summer palace，huanglong
7.Flowers and plants：bamboo，metasequoia glyptostroboides，rhododendron，cymbidium，magnolia，plum，paphiopedilum，lilium，clivia，rhododendron(2)
8.Opera：kunqu,peking opera(jing),peking opera(chou),peking opera(sheng)
Telephonecards:
1.Paintings:zhaozhiqian,qibaishi,yunshouping,birds andflowers,lanying,chenshuren,dongqichang,shitao,liuyujia,likeran,yanbolong,jincheng,yuanyao,yuanjiang,giuseppe castigliones,renbonian,xubeihong,birds and flower,changdaichien,chengzhang
2.Beauties:four great beauties,beauties,four beauties,beauty
3.Animal:panda
4.Flowers:plum,lotus,bamboo,lotus
5.Crafts:silverware,tea bottle,hand held fan,blue and white wares,soft paste,porcelain,jingdezhen ware,snuff bottles,kites,kite,cloisonne,instrument,bowl,beautiful porcerlain,shoushan stone,jingdezhen ware,zhenbanqiao,blue and white ware
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